Electrocardiographic imaging including intracardiac information to achieve accurate global mapping during atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by complex and irregular propagation patterns. Noninvasive electrocardiographic imaging (ECGI) has been tested during AF conditions with promising results. However, current regularization methods face important challenges in this type of unstable electrical activity scenarios. Combination intracardiac non-invasive simultaneous recordings could improve ECGI performance allow real-time global mapping In work, we propose an method that incorporates measurements as a constraint reformulation the classical Tikhonov method. We used realistic mathematical models atria torso simulates wide number epicardial Body surface potentials were obtained from simulated electrograms (EGMs) using Boundary Element Method corrupted Gaussian noise. Epicardial estimated inverse problem regularization, including intracavitary information second constraint. Results showed first-order Constrained formulation provided more reliable reconstructions than approach at least 32 uniformly distributed endocardial EGMs (CC between 0.87 0.28, depending on complexity). accurate spatial mass functions (SMF) PS locations (CCSMF 0.24 0.86). This methodology was real patient data, obtaining mean DF RMSE 0.85 Hz, outperforming approach. Limitations study include fact model considered endocardium epicardium single layer. Further research will endocardium–epicardium bilayer approximations validation data.